40 Nawawi
Hadiths
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"Verily, the Muslim men and women, the believing men and women, the men and women who are obedient (to Allaah), the men and women who are truthful (in their speech and deeds), the men and the women who are patient, the men and the women who are humble (before their Lord), the men and the women who give charity, the men and the women who fast, the men and the women who guard their chastity, and the men and women who remember Allaah much. Allaah has prepared for them forgiveness and a great reward (ie Paradise)."
[Soorat-ul-Ahzaab 33:35] |
And Allaah the Majestic says
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"...and fast, it is better for you, if only you knew." [Soorat-ul-Baqarah 2:184] |
Allaah's Messenger SAW explained that fasting is a protection from desires, a shield from the Fire, and that Allaah has particularised one of the gates of Paradise [ called ar-Rayyaan ] for it. It will lead the soul away from its desires, and prevent it from those things which it has come to find attractive, so that it becomes tranquil.
He SAW said
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"Whoever fasts a day in the way of Allaah, Allaah will place between him and the Fire a trench like that between the heavens and the earth." [at-Tirmidhee] |
Abu Umaamah (ra) said " I said :
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'O Messenger of Allaah tell me of an action by which I may enter Paradise'. He said : ' Take to fasting, there is nothing like it.'" [an-Nasaaee, ibn Hibbaan] |
Abu Hurairah (ra) said that the Prophet SAW said :
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"Allaah said that all the actions of the son of Aadam are for him except for fasting, for it is for Me and I will recompense it. Fasting is a shield, and when it is the day when one of you fasts, then let him not speak indecently or argue, and if anyone abuses or seeks to fight him then let him say 'I am fasting'. By Him in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the smell coming from the mouth of the fasting person is better with Allaah than the smell of musk. For the fasting person there are two times of joy : when he breaks his fast he is happy and when he meets his Lord he is happy due to his fasting." [al-Bukhaaree] |
He SAW said,
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"Fasting and the Qur'aan intercede for the servant on the day of Resurrection. Fasting will say : O My Lord, I prevented him from food and desires so accept my intercession for him, and the Qur'aan will say : I prevented him from sleep at night, so accept my intercession for him, so their intercession will be accepted." [Ahmad] |
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"The month of Ramadaan in which was revealed the Qur'aan, a guidance for mankind and clear proofs for the guidance and the Criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadaan), he must fast that month." [Soorat-al-Baqarah 2:185] |
He SAW said :
| "When Ramadaan comes the gates of Paradise are opened, the gates of Hell-Fire are locked and the devils are chained." |
And elsewhere
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" .... and a caller calls out: O seeker of good come forward, and O seeker of evil withold, and there are many whom Allaah frees from the fire - and that is every night." [at-Tirmidhee] |
And in it occurs Lailat-ul-Qadr (The Night of Decree), which is better than a thousand months, as Allaah the Exalted says :
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"Verily! We have sent it (this Qur'aan) down in the night of Decree (lailatul-Qadr). And what will make you know what the Night of Decree is? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. Therein descend the angels and the Rooh (ie Jibraeel) by Allaah's Permission and with all Decrees, Peace! Until the appearance of dawn." [Sooratul-Qadr 97:1-5] |
... And in it every decreed matter for the year is conveyed, so "Seek out lailatul-Qadr in (the odd nights) of the last ten of Ramadaan." [al-Bukhaaree]
And he SAW said
| " He who fasts Ramadaan, due to Eemaan and hoping for reward (from Allaah) then his previous sins are forgiven." [ Bukhaaree and Muslim ] |
And a man came to the Prophet SAW and said :
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"O Messenger of Allaah, what if I testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allaah and that you are the Messenger of Allaah, and I observe the five daily prayers, and I pay the zakaah, and I fast and stand in prayer in Ramadaan, then amongst whom shall I be ?" He said : " Amongst the true followers of the prophets and the martyrs." [ibn Hibbaan] |
And Jibreel (as) supplicated saying to the effect "May his nose be rubbed in the dust (meaning, may he be humiliated) who passes through the month of Ramadaan and does not attain Allaah's forgiveness", to which the Prophet SAW replied : Aameen.
And the Prophet SAW said about his being shown the people of Hell-Fire " ... until I came to a people who were strung up by their hamstrings, with their jawbones torn and flowing with blood, so I said : "Who are these ?". He [his guide] said : "Those who break their fast before the time at which they may do so."
[an-Nasaaee]
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"Do not fast until you see the new moon and do not cease fasting until you see it, and if it is concealed by clouds then count out (the days of Sha'baan) for it." [al-Bukhaaree] |
Forbiddance of fasting on the day of doubt :
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"Do not preempt Ramadaan by fasting a day or two before it, except for a man fasting his usual fast - then let him fast it." [Muslim] |
Obligation to have intention for the obligatory fast before the appearance of the true dawn (subh saadiq):
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"He who does not intend during the night to fast, then there is no fast for him." [an-Nasaaee] |
Excellence of the pre-dawn meal (Suhoor): He SAW said
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"Blessing is in three: the Jamaa'ah, ath-thareed (a broth of bread and meat) and the suhoor." [ at-Tabaraanee ] and "It (suhoor) is a blessing which Allaah has given to you, so do not leave it." [Ahmad] |
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"Whoever does not abandon falsehood in word and action then Allaah the Mighty and Majestic has no need that he should leave his food and drink." [al-Bukhaaree] |
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"Fasting is not (merely abstaining) from eating and drinking, rather it is (abstaining) from ignorant and indecent speech, so if anyone abuses or behaves ignorantly with you, then say : I am fasting, I am fasting." [ibn Khuzaimah] |
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"It may be that a fasting person attains nothing but hunger and thirst from his fasting." [ibn Maajah] |
It is permissible to:
1. Begin fasting in the state of janaabah (ie sexual impurity).
2. Use a toothstick (siwaak)
3. Wash the mouth and nose
4. Give blood and receive injections which do not provide nourishment.
5. Taste food, as long as it does not reach the throat
6. Use kuhl and similar things in the eyes.
7. Have a bath.
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" The people will not cease to be upon good as long as they hasten in breaking the fast." [ Bukhaaree and Muslim ] and "The Deen will not cease to be uppermost as long as the people hasten to break the fast, since the Jews and the Christians delay it." [Abu Daawood] |
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"There are three whose supplications are not rejected : the fasting person when he breaks his fast, the just ruler and the supplication of the oppressed." [at-Tirmidhee] |
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"He who gives food for a fasting person to break his fast, he will receive the same reward as him, except that nothing will be reduced from the fasting persons reward." [Ahmad] |
To pray the Taraaweeh Prayers in congregation, from the hadeeth of Aayesha (ra).
The obligation of paying the Zakaat-ul-Fitr, as Ibn Umar (ra) reported that
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"Allaah's Messenger (SAW) obligated Zakaat-ul-Fitr for Ramadaan upon the people." [Muslim] |
2.Making oneself vomit
3.Menstruation and after-birth bleeding
4.Sexual intercourse
5.Injections containing nourishment